He got his PhD from the University of Karlsruhe in 1990. His speciality is with in health engineering. His research interests are: Neural engineering with electrical stimulation as focus. Recording and processing of biosignals, electromyography, electroencephalography. Medical imaging and modelling. Technology for diagnostic and treatment in the neuromuscular system. Technology for rehabilitation of movements by spinal cord injury and brain injury. Treatment of spasticity and neuromodulation.